So, at the time, there were many military camps across the U.S. and in Europe. The Spanish flu appeared in the spring of 1918, when the globe was in the middle of World War I.. [87] However, during the second wave the disease was much more serious, often complicated by bacterial pneumonia, which was often the cause of death. As we experience and restructure our lives during the coronavirus pandemic of 2020, it may be helpful to understand how our community in central Montgomery County, PA was impacted by the global Influenza Epidemic of 1918. The Spanish flu infected around 500 million people, about one-third of the world's population. [97] The bacterium Haemophilus influenzae was instead mistakenly thought to be the cause, as it was big enough to be seen and was present in many, though not all, patients. [59] In Europe, five countries (Spain, Denmark, Finland, Germany and Switzerland) recorded a late peak between January–April 1920.[56]. ", This page was last edited on 23 January 2021, at 00:35. [14][49][50][46] It primarily affected Spain, Serbia, Mexico and Great Britain, resulting in hundreds of thousands of deaths. [89], The majority of deaths were from bacterial pneumonia,[90][91][92] a common secondary infection associated with influenza. Bg. [178] This is unusual since influenza is typically most deadly to weak individuals, such as infants under age two, adults over age 70, and the immunocompromised. This report was important because in 1918 the Public Health Service did not require cases of influenza to be reported. This gave rise to the name "Spanish" flu. The Flu Epidemic of 1918: accounts from local diaries Written by Joel Alderfer on March 25, 2020. [99] Another common misdiagnosis was typhus, which was common in circumstances of social upheaval, and was therefore also affecting Russia in the aftermath of the October Revolution. Arb. [231] This ancestor virus diverged about 1913–1915 into two clades (or biological groups), which gave rise to the classical swine and human H1N1 influenza lineages. Some survivors did not fully recover from physiological condition(s). A file composed of diverse types of documents assembled by the War History Commission between the end of World War I and 1928 providing information about the activities of American Expeditionary Forces in France during the conflict. (2013) used a simple epidemic model incorporating three factors to infer the cause of the three waves of the 1918 influenza pandemic. [196], Despite the high morbidity and mortality rates that resulted from the epidemic, the Spanish flu began to fade from public awareness over the decades until the arrival of news about bird flu and other pandemics in the 1990s and 2000s. [36] In Madrid, Spain, fewer than 1,000 people died from influenza between May and June 1918. [157] At the very least, there is little evidence that China as a whole was seriously affected by the flu compared to other countries in the world. The female population was larger in certain regions of Newfoundland and therefore had a bigger impact on the death rate. [citation needed] The war, however, had initially been expected to end quickly but lasted for four years by the time the pandemic struck. [113] By the end of the pandemic, the isolated island of Marajó, in Brazil's Amazon River Delta had not reported an outbreak. [42] On September 15, New York City saw its first fatality from influenza. [38], The second wave began in the second half of August, probably spreading to Boston and Freetown, Sierra Leone, by ships from Brest, where it had likely arrived with American troops or French recruits for naval training. The epidemic was a world-wide event: My local genealogical society (Perth County Branch, Ontario Genealogical Society, Canada) has published a 21 page booklet on the epidemic, "Avondale Burials, Spanish Influenza Epidemic 1918" (2001, non-electronic), with articles and obituaries from Stratford newspapers, listing quarantines, death tolls and other news pertaining to the epidemic. New Castle, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania, USA Mary Irene Stafford Corp 27 Sep 1884 – 11 Jan 1919. More people died from the 1918 flu epidemic in a year than from the Black Death in a century. He reported that in thirteen studies of hospitalized women in the pandemic, the death rate ranged from 23% to 71%. [129] With a world population of 1.8 to 1.9 billion,[130] these estimates correspond to between 1 and 6 percent of the population. [62] His study found that in late 1916 the Étaples camp was hit by the onset of a new disease with high mortality that caused symptoms similar to the flu. 66 s. ill. (Haukeland sykehus. While unusually high rates of the virus were diagnosed, the number of deaths were typical of the disease. [7] Specifically, a significant increase in precipitation affected all of Europe during the second wave of the pandemic, from September to December 1918.

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